Use of XOR operator in PHP

Definition and Usage The xor keyword is a logical operator. Logical operators are used to combine conditional statements. The return value will only be true if one of the statements is true and the other one is false .

1. What does XOR operator do?
2. Which operator is used to perform the XOR operation?
3. For which purpose operator is used in PHP?
4. What is Bitwise operator in PHP?
5. Where is XOR used?
6. What is the XOR problem?
7. What is the symbol of XOR gate?
8. How is XOR calculated?
9. Why XOR is invertible?
10. What are PHP functions?
11. Which operator is used in PHP?
12. Is null in PHP?

What does XOR operator do?

XOR is a bitwise operator, and it stands for "exclusive or." It performs logical operation. If input bits are the same, then the output will be false(0) else true(1).

Which operator is used to perform the XOR operation?

Bitwise XOR (exclusive OR) operator ^

The result of bitwise XOR operator is 1 if the corresponding bits of two operands are opposite. It is denoted by ^.

For which purpose operator is used in PHP?

PHP Operator is a symbol i.e used to perform operations on operands. In simple words, operators are used to perform operations on variables or values. For example: $num=10+20;//+ is the operator and 10,20 are operands.
...
Arithmetic Operators.

What is Bitwise operator in PHP?

The Bitwise operators is used to perform bit-level operations on the operands. ... In PHP, the operators that works at bit level are: & (Bitwise AND) : This is a binary operator i.e. it works on two operand. Bitwise AND operator in PHP takes two numbers as operands and does AND on every bit of two numbers.

Where is XOR used?

XOR is also used to detect an overflow in the result of a signed binary arithmetic operation. If the leftmost retained bit of the result is not the same as the infinite number of digits to the left, then that means overflow occurred. XORing those two bits will give a "1" if there is an overflow.

What is the XOR problem?

The XOR, or “exclusive or”, problem is a classic problem in ANN research. It is the problem of using a neural network to predict the outputs of XOR logic gates given two binary inputs. An XOR function should return a true value if the two inputs are not equal and a false value if they are equal.

What is the symbol of XOR gate?

The logic symbols ⊕, Jpq, and ⊻ can be used to denote an XOR operation in algebraic expressions. C-like languages use the caret symbol ^ to denote bitwise XOR.

How is XOR calculated?

To find XOR of more than two numbers, represent all numbers in binary representation, add 0's before if necessary. ... To find each bit of XOR just calculate number of 1's in the corresponding bits. If it is even or zero then that XOR'ed bit is 0. If it is odd then that XOR'ed bit is 1.

Why XOR is invertible?

Figure 1 Truth-tables for XOR and XNOR. The XOR function is only true if just one (and only one) of the input values is true, and false otherwise. XOR stands for eXclusive OR. As can be seen, the output values of XNOR are simply the inverse of the corresponding output values of XOR.

What are PHP functions?

Advertisements. PHP functions are similar to other programming languages. A function is a piece of code which takes one more input in the form of parameter and does some processing and returns a value. You already have seen many functions like fopen() and fread() etc.

Which operator is used in PHP?

PHP Arithmetic Operators

Is null in PHP?

The is_null() function checks whether a variable is NULL or not. This function returns true (1) if the variable is NULL, otherwise it returns false/nothing.