History of the Transistor and the Transistor Computer

1. Who invented the transistor computer?
2. When were transistors used in computers?
3. What are transistors in computers?
4. How did transistors change computers?
5. Why is it called transistor?
6. What was the first transistor?
7. Do computers still use transistors?
8. How many transistors are in a CPU?
9. Who is the father of personal computer?
10. How do transistors work?
11. Which of the following is the most powerful type of computer?
12. How small is a transistor?

Who invented the transistor computer?

The transistor was successfully demonstrated on December 23, 1947 at Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey. Bell Labs is the research arm of American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T). The three individuals credited with the invention of the transistor were William Shockley, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain.

When were transistors used in computers?

The first generation of electronic computers used vacuum tubes, which generated large amounts of heat, were bulky and unreliable. A second generation of computers, through the late 1950s and 1960s featured circuit boards filled with individual transistors and magnetic core memory.

What are transistors in computers?

In the analog world of continuously varying signals, a transistor is a device used to amplify its electrical input. In the digital world, a transistor is a binary switch and the fundamental building block of computer circuitry. ... A single modern CPU can have hundreds of millions or even billions of transistors.

How did transistors change computers?

Transistors transformed the world of electronics and had a huge impact on computer design. ... By replacing bulky and unreliable vacuum tubes with transistors, computers could now perform the same functions, using less power and space. Before transistors, digital circuits were composed of vacuum tubes.

Why is it called transistor?

The word transistor is a combination of transfer and resistance. This is because it transfers the resistance from one end of the device to the other end or we can say, transfer of resistance. Hence, the name transistor. Transistors have very high input resistance and very low output resistance.

What was the first transistor?

The first working silicon transistor was developed at Bell Labs on January 26, 1954, by Morris Tanenbaum. The first commercial silicon transistor was produced by Texas Instruments in 1954. This was the work of Gordon Teal, an expert in growing crystals of high purity, who had previously worked at Bell Labs.

Do computers still use transistors?

Transistors are still used in all electronics and likely to be used for the foreseeable future. However, there are some promising technologies, such as carbon nanotubes being developed by IBM, graphene sheets, and black phosphorus that may one day replace the transistor we use today.

How many transistors are in a CPU?

The first carbon nanotube computer has 178 transistors and is 1-bit one-instruction set computer, later one is 16-bit (while the instruction set is 32-bit RISC-V).
...
Microprocessors.

Who is the father of personal computer?

Henry Edward Roberts is considered the father of Personal Computer, he is the one who coined the term "personal computer". He has released the Altair 8800 in 1974. It was later published on the front cover of Popular Electronics in 1975 making it an overnight success.

How do transistors work?

A transistor works when the electrons and the holes start moving across the two junctions between the n-type and p-type silicon. ... By turning a small input current into a large output current, the transistor acts like an amplifier. But it also acts like a switch at the same time.

Which of the following is the most powerful type of computer?

Supercomputer – The fastest, largest, most powerful and most expensive computer. 2. Mainframe Computer – This is a little smaller and less powerful than the supercomputer, but, like the supercomputer it is also expensive.

How small is a transistor?

Currently transistors are around 10-20 nanometers in scale, and are expected to shrink to around 5-7 nanometers in the next few years, but that's seemed to be about far as we can go. At that point, transistors are so small that quantum effects prevent them from working properly.